Review of the effects of pH on the synthesis of heteropoly tungstate anions.

The reaction of the WO4(2-) ion in the pH range 2 to 8 was carried out with the following metal ions individually in combination: Mn2+, Mn3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Co3+, Ni2+, Cu1+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ga3+, Mg2+, In3+, RAsO3(2-), RSbO3(2-). Some 36 heteropolyanions have been isolated in the crystalline form characterized fully. The antiviral activity of these anions has been determined against HIV, herpes respiratory viruses. The redox potentials for these anions have been measured by cyclic voltammetry documented. At pH 8, the anions adopt a Weakley structure at pH 7, the Keggin structure is formed. At pH 6 to 7, the distorted Keggin structure, 1:1:11, is formed. Below pH 6, the distorted Dawson structure is formed. Some anions showed good antiviral activity with positive redox potentials and others with negative redox potentials. When the metal ion is attached to an organic group, a ring-type structure is formed: a 2:5, 2:6, and 1:7 heteropolytungstate.